Steam cracking is a crucial process in the petrochemical industry that involves the breaking down of larger hydrocarbon molecules into smaller and more valuable molecules. This process is typically carried out at high temperatures ranging from 850°C to 950°C. The key steps of steam cracking include preheating the hydrocarbon feedstock to the desired temperature, mixing it with steam to prevent coking, and passing the mixture through a furnace where the cracking reactions occur. During the steam cracking process, various products such as ethylene, propylene, and butadiene are produced, which are essential building blocks for a wide range of products including plastics, rubber, and solvents. The control of operating conditions such as temperature, residence time, and steam-to-hydrocarbon ratio is critical to ensure high yields and product purity. Steam cracking is known for its energy-intensive nature due to the high temperatures required, but advancements in technology have led to improvements in energy efficiency and overall process economics. Overall, steam cracking plays a vital role in the production of various petrochemicals and contributes significantly to the global chemical industry's supply chain. It is an essential process that enables the production of key materials that are used in countless everyday products.