The Industrial Revolution had a significant impact on European society in the 19th century. Before the Industrial Revolution, most people lived in rural areas and worked in agriculture. However, the invention of new technologies like the steam engine and the spinning jenny led to the rise of factories and urbanization. This shift from rural to urban living transformed the social structure of Europe. The factory system created a new class of industrial workers, who often faced harsh working conditions and long hours. This led to the rise of labor unions and the fight for workers' rights. Additionally, the Industrial Revolution brought about changes in family life. With more job opportunities in cities, people left their homes in search of work, leading to the breakdown of traditional family structures. Women and children were also increasingly employed in factories, changing gender roles and social norms. Overall, the Industrial Revolution transformed European society by creating a new urban working class, changing family dynamics, and sparking social and political movements for reform. The consequences of this period are still felt today in the way we work, live, and interact with each other.