Prime numbers are natural numbers greater than 1 that can only be divided by 1 and themselves. They are the building blocks of all other numbers, as every natural number can be expressed as a unique product of prime numbers. One interesting fact about prime numbers is that there are infinitely many of them. This was proved by the ancient Greek mathematician Euclid over 2,000 years ago. Another fascinating property of primes is the distribution of twin primes, which are pairs of prime numbers that have a difference of 2. For example, 3 and 5 are twin primes. Despite their increasing scarcity as numbers get larger, there is no known largest pair of twin primes. Prime numbers also play a crucial role in cryptography, as they are crucial for secure communication in the digital age. By understanding the beauty and significance of prime numbers, we can appreciate the elegance and complexity of the mathematical world.