Chandrayaan-1 was the first Indian lunar probe under the Chandrayaan programme. It was launched by the Indian Space Research Organisation in October 2008, and operated until August 2009. Chandrayaan operated for 312 days against the planned two years but was successful by achieving 95% of its planned objectives.Chandrayaan-2 is the second lunar exploration mission developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation afterChandrayaan-1. It consists of a lunar orbiter, the Vikram lunar lander, and the Pragyan rover, all of which weredeveloped in India.Chandrayaan-2 failed to soft-land because of a chain of events triggered by a valve's failure toreduce flow into the enginesThe Chandrayaan-3 mission, launched on July 14, 2023, aimed to showcase a soft landing near the lunar south polar region and conduct experiments using the vikram lander and pragyaan rover. with the vikram lander making a historictouchdown on the Moon on August 23 ,and the mission's objectives fulfilled .