EFL Teachers·        Material as resources:In teaching English as a foreign language, materials act as resources and provide students with relevant information about the sociocultural context. This is essential because language is more than just grammar and vocabulary; it also reflects the culture and society in which it is used. For example, textbooks or authentic materials (such as articles, videos or stories) can introduce students to cultural customs, idioms or social norms that are important for understanding how English is used in different contexts (e.g. formal or informal settings, cultural celebrations or polite conversation).·        Material as teaching aids:EFL materials also act as teaching tools, meaning they provide structured activities that challenge students’ language skills. These materials are designed to help students practice speaking, listening, reading and writing in an engaging way that is appropriate to their skill level. They may include exercises such as role plays, comprehension questions, problem-solving tasks or discussions, all of which require students to apply the language they are learning.·        Material as the syllabus:In many EFL classrooms, materials (usually textbooks) are arranged according to a pre-determined curriculum. This means that the content is structured to gradually introduce and develop language skills, in a specific sequence that corresponds to the learning objectives. Workbooks can serve as a roadmap for teachers and students, guiding lessons from simple topics to more complex ones.