Did you know that the word mathematics comes from the Greek word mathema, meaning knowledge or learning? Mathematics is considered the universal language because it is used all over the world to solve problems and communicate ideas. Another interesting fact is that the number zero was discovered in India around the 5th century, making it one of the oldest numbers in the world! Zero plays a significant role in mathematics as a placeholder and an essential part of the number system. Pythagoras, a famous Greek mathematician, is known for the Pythagorean theorem, which states that in a right-angled triangle, the square of the length of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides. This theorem is used in geometry to solve various problems involving triangles. The number pi (π) is a fascinating constant in mathematics, representing the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter. It is an irrational number, meaning it cannot be expressed as a simple fraction, and its decimal representation goes on indefinitely without repeating. Lastly, the Fibonacci sequence is a series of numbers where each number is the sum of the two preceding ones. This sequence can be found in nature, art, and even music, showcasing the beauty and harmony of mathematics in the world around us.