Q#, or Q sharp, is a programming language designed by Microsoft Research for writing and running quantum algorithms. It was first released in 2017 as part of the Quantum Development Kit. Q# is a domain-specific language that meets certain requirements for compilers, runtimes, and languages, including:Hardware agnosticQubits in quantum algorithms aren't tied to a specific quantum hardware or layout. The Q# compiler and runtime handle the mapping from program qubits to physical qubits.Integrates quantum and classical computingQ# can perform both classical and quantum computations, which is essential for a universal quantum computer.Respects the laws of physicsQ# and quantum algorithms follow the rules of quantum physics, such as not being able to directly copy or access the qubit state.Q# also supports general classical flow control during algorithm execution, which is based on quantum measurement outcomes. This makes it easier to write things that depend on intermediate measurements.Q# includes statements that are familiar from classical programming, such as:ReturnFailLetMutableSetIterator-based for loopConditional while loopBranching if - elif - else conditional