Ethics is the branch of philosophy that deals with questions about what is morally right or wrong. One of the key concepts in ethics is utilitarianism, which states that the best course of action is the one that maximizes overall happiness or well-being. This idea was popularized by philosophers such as Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill. Another important ethical theory is deontology, which focuses on the duty or obligation to act in morally acceptable ways. Immanuel Kant is a famous proponent of deontological ethics, arguing that certain actions are inherently right or wrong regardless of their consequences. Ethical relativism is a viewpoint that suggests that morality is subjective and dependent on cultural or individual beliefs. This challenges the idea of universal moral truths and emphasizes the diversity of ethical norms across different societies. Ultimately, the study of ethics raises important questions about how we should live and behave as individuals and societies. It challenges us to critically think about our moral principles and values, and consider the impact of our actions on others. By engaging with ethical theories and dilemmas, we can strive to make more informed and compassionate decisions in our everyday lives.