Hello everyone, today I'd like to talk about the formation of volcanic islands. Volcanic islands are formed through a process called volcanic activity. This occurs when magma from beneath the Earth's crust is expelled through a vent or opening in the surface. As the magma cools and solidifies, it forms a new landmass above sea level. The most famous example of a volcanic island is Hawaii. The Hawaiian Islands were formed by a hot spot in the Earth's mantle that created a chain of volcanic islands as the Pacific Plate moved over it. The youngest and most active island in Hawaii is the Big Island, which is still experiencing volcanic eruptions today. Another way volcanic islands can form is through submarine volcanoes. These are volcanoes that erupt under the ocean's surface, building up over time until they reach the surface and create a new island. One example of this is the island of Surtsey in Iceland, which formed through a series of underwater volcanic eruptions in the 1960s. In conclusion, volcanic islands are a fascinating geological phenomenon created by the powerful forces beneath the Earth's surface. By studying the formation of these islands, we can better understand the Earth's geology and the processes that shape our planet. Thank you for listening.